2024-01-01 · female, gynecology, surgery
Endometriosis Surgery FAQ
What Is Endometriosis Surgery?
Endometriosis surgery removes or destroys endometrial-like tissue growing outside the uterus. The goal is to reduce pain, improve function, and protect fertility when possible. Surgery may be done as laparoscopic excision or ablation, and in some cases as a hysterectomy with or without removal of the ovaries, depending on symptoms and future pregnancy plans.
Why Might Surgery Be Recommended?
Surgery is considered when symptoms are significant or when other treatments have not provided relief. Common reasons include:
- Chronic pelvic pain that limits daily activities
- Painful periods, intercourse, or bowel/bladder symptoms
- Endometriomas (ovarian cysts) or adhesions
- Fertility concerns or difficulty conceiving
- Suspicion of deeper or widespread disease
What Are the Symptoms of Endometriosis?
Symptoms can vary and may be different from person to person. Common symptoms include:
- Pelvic pain, often around menstruation
- Heavy or irregular periods
- Pain during intercourse
- Pain with bowel movements or urination
- Bloating, fatigue, or low back pain
About the Endometriosis Procedure
Most endometriosis surgeries are performed laparoscopically under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes small incisions in the abdomen and uses a camera and fine instruments to remove or destroy endometriosis implants and scar tissue. If endometriosis is extensive, the procedure may take several hours, and additional repairs may be needed to separate adhesions or address ovarian cysts.
What Happens After Surgery?
After surgery, patients typically go home the same day or after an overnight stay, depending on the extent of the procedure. Expect some abdominal soreness, bloating, and fatigue for a few days. Light activity is encouraged, and a gradual return to normal activities is typical as pain improves.
How Long Is Recovery After Endometriosis Surgery?
Recovery depends on the type of surgery and the amount of disease treated. In general:
- Many people return to light activity within 1 to 2 weeks
- Desk work may be possible within 1 to 2 weeks
- Full recovery and normal exercise may take 4 to 6 weeks
Your surgeon will give individualized guidance based on your specific procedure.
What Are the Potential Risks or Complications?
All surgeries carry risks. Potential complications include:
- Infection or bleeding
- Injury to nearby organs such as bowel, bladder, or ureters
- Scar tissue formation or recurrence of symptoms
- Anesthesia-related complications
Discuss your personal risk factors with your surgeon before surgery.
Can Endometriosis Come Back After Surgery?
Endometriosis can recur, especially if ovarian tissue remains and hormonal cycles continue. Many people experience long-term relief, but recurrence is possible. Post-operative medical therapy or hormone management may help reduce recurrence risk.
When Should I Contact My Care Team?
Call your surgeon if you have a fever, worsening pain, heavy bleeding, persistent nausea or vomiting, or signs of infection at the incision sites. Prompt evaluation helps prevent complications and supports a smooth recovery.