2024-01-01 · heart, cardiology, vascular
Coronary Angioplasty Surgery FAQ
What Is Coronary Angioplasty?
Coronary angioplasty, also called percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is a procedure that opens narrowed or blocked coronary arteries. A small balloon is inflated to widen the artery, and a stent is often placed to keep it open and restore blood flow to the heart.
Why Might Someone Need Coronary Angioplasty?
Coronary angioplasty is used to treat coronary artery disease or heart-related symptoms. Common reasons include:
- Chest pain (angina) from reduced blood flow
- Heart attack due to a blocked artery
- Significant artery narrowing seen on imaging
- Symptoms that persist despite medication
What Are the Symptoms of Coronary Artery Blockage?
Symptoms can include:
- Chest pressure, tightness, or pain
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue with activity
- Pain radiating to the arm, neck, jaw, or back
- Nausea or lightheadedness
Emergency evaluation is essential if a heart attack is suspected.
About the Coronary Angioplasty Procedure
Coronary angioplasty is performed in a cardiac catheterization lab, usually under local anesthesia with sedation. A catheter is inserted through an artery in the wrist or groin and guided to the heart. The balloon is inflated to open the blockage, and a stent may be placed to support the artery.
What Happens After Coronary Angioplasty?
After the procedure, patients are monitored for several hours or overnight. Medications such as antiplatelet therapy help prevent clots in the stent. Activity may be limited for a short period, and follow-up care focuses on heart health and risk reduction.
How Long Does Recovery Take After Coronary Angioplasty?
Recovery depends on the reason for the procedure and overall health. In general:
- Many patients return to light activities within a few days
- Cardiac rehabilitation may last several weeks
- Long-term lifestyle changes are important for heart health
Following medication and follow-up instructions helps protect the stent and heart.
What Are the Potential Complications of Coronary Angioplasty?
Potential risks include:
- Bleeding or bruising at the catheter site
- Blood vessel damage
- Heart rhythm problems
- Re-narrowing of the artery
- Heart attack or stroke (rare)
Your cardiology team will explain risks and benefits in your case.
When Should I Seek Medical Attention?
Seek emergency care for chest pain, shortness of breath, or symptoms of a heart attack. After angioplasty, contact your care team for bleeding, swelling at the catheter site, or new chest discomfort.