2024-01-01 · cardiac, device, surgery
Pacemaker Implantation Surgery FAQ
What Is Pacemaker Implantation?
Pacemaker implantation is a procedure to place a small electronic device that helps regulate the heart’s rhythm. The pacemaker sends electrical signals to keep the heart beating at a steady rate when the natural rhythm is too slow, irregular, or pauses. It is commonly used to treat bradycardia or certain conduction disorders.
Why Might Someone Need a Pacemaker?
Common reasons for pacemaker implantation include:
- Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
- Heart block or electrical conduction delays
- Fainting episodes related to rhythm problems
- Medication-related rhythm slowing that cannot be adjusted
- Congenital rhythm disorders
A cardiologist evaluates symptoms and test results to determine if a pacemaker is appropriate.
What Symptoms Suggest a Rhythm Problem?
Symptoms of a slow or irregular heart rhythm may include:
- Fatigue or reduced exercise tolerance
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fainting or near-fainting episodes
- Shortness of breath
- Chest discomfort or palpitations
Diagnosis usually involves ECG testing, Holter monitoring, or event recorders.
About the Pacemaker Implantation Procedure
Pacemaker implantation is typically performed under local anesthesia with sedation and takes one to two hours. A small incision is made below the collarbone, and the pacemaker leads are guided through a vein into the heart. The device is then connected and placed under the skin. The pacemaker is programmed to match the patient’s rhythm needs.
What Happens After Pacemaker Implantation?
Most patients go home the same day or after an overnight stay. The incision site may be sore, and arm movement on the implanted side is limited for a short period to allow the leads to settle. Follow-up visits are scheduled to check device settings and battery function.
How Long Does Recovery Take?
Recovery is usually quick:
- Light activities can resume within a few days
- Most people return to normal routines in one to two weeks
- Heavy lifting and vigorous arm movement should be avoided for several weeks
Your care team will provide specific activity instructions.
What Are the Potential Risks?
Possible complications include:
- Infection or bleeding at the implant site
- Lead displacement or device malfunction
- Blood vessel injury or pneumothorax
- Allergic reaction to materials or medications
Complications are uncommon and are monitored closely after surgery.
When Should I Seek Medical Attention?
Contact your care team right away for fever, worsening incision pain, swelling, drainage, or sudden shortness of breath. If you feel dizziness, fainting, or irregular heartbeats after implantation, seek urgent evaluation.